L'usurpation du pétrol Irakien par les USA (ORGANISATION DES NATIONS UNIES)
  
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On May 22 the UN Security Council approved a resolution lifting trade sanctions on Iraq. After nearly 13 years of economic strangulation, the Iraqi economy will finally be free of the trade and investment barriers that have caused widespread social suffering and prevented economic recovery. Much more is at stake than freeing trade, however. The ultimate prize is Iraq?s oil wealth. Under the terms of the new resolution, the control of Iraqi oil revenues will now rest firmly in the hands of the United States. The resolution creates a Development Fund for Iraq that will be controlled by U.S. and British occupation forces. All proceeds from Iraqi oil sales are to be deposited in the new Fund. Revenues in the account ?shall be dispersed at the direction of the Authority,? which is defined as the unified command of the U.S. and British occupation force. The Fund will be located at the Central Bank of Iraq, whose current director, Peter McPherson, is a former deputy Secretary of the U.S. Treasury and executive of the Bank of America. Disbursements from the Fund will be made in 'consultation with the Iraqi interim leadership', but actual control of the Fund will rest solely with the U.S.-led 'Authority.' The Development Fund will have an International Advisory and Monitoring Board, whose members will include representatives of the UN, the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the Arab Fund for Social and Economic Development. The international advisory board will select accountants to audit the Fund but will have no power over financial disbursement decisions. The Development Fund 'shall be used to meet the humanitarian needs of the Iraqi people, for the economic reconstruction and repair of Iraq's infrastructure, for the continued disarmament of Iraq . . . and for other purposes benefiting the Iraqi people.' The allocation of funds for these purposes will be solely at the discretion of the U.S.-led command. This arrangement will continue until an 'internationally recognized representative government of Iraq is properly constituted.' There is no time limit on U.S. control of Iraqi oil revenues. The resolution calls for the Security Council to 'review' the implementation of the resolution after twelve months and 'consider further steps that may be necessary.' An affirmative vote of the Council would be required to change the terms of the resolution, which means that the United States and Britain could veto any challenges to their financial control. Under these terms U.S. and British officials will gain exclusive, open-ended rights to manage and direct Iraq's oil revenues. The resolution rejects a substantive role for the UN. The newly created UN Special Coordinator for Iraq will have advisory functions but no real decision-making power over Iraq's economic reconstruction or political transition. The UN disarmament mandate is also being cast aside. Under the terms of previous Security Council resolutions, which the United States authored, the lifting of sanctions is contingent upon UN certification that Iraq is fully disarmed. The resolution simply ignores this requirement and makes only a vague reference to 'eventual confirmation of the disarmament of Iraq.' Through its bold grab for control over Iraqi oil, the United States is confirming the worst suspicions of its critics, who argued that this was a war for oil. The old regime may have walked off with piles of cash, but the new rulers will gain something far more valuable. To the victors of war go the spoils of oil. David Cortright is president of the Fourth Freedom Forum and a founder of the Win Without War coalition.
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2005-05-05 00:00:00
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